A unique Dinocephalian Synapsid; Styracocephalus was a herbivorous animal that lived during the Mid Permian, with remains found in South Africa. It is best known for the strange, bony protrusions on the side of its head, not unlike what is seen in Warthogs, Entelodonts, and close relatives such as Estemmenosuchus. Many Dinocephalians are known for their unique heads; either covered in bony projections or having thickened skull roofs, though the arrangement in Styracocephalus is unique enough to warrant placing it in its own family; the Styracocephalidae. Although it was a terrestrial animal, some suggest that Styracocephalus and other Dinocephalians may have had semi-aquatic habits as well; similarly to a hippo.